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2021银行校园招聘每日一练7.21(三)
英语
Your face is the future of smartphone security. Apple made that clear last week when it unveiled the pricey iPhoneX, Apple claims to have conquered many of the challenges that have prevented the widespread use of facial biometrics. But a number of computer-vision researchers say they are skeptical that a smartphone-based system like FaceID can account for things like variable lighting conditions or subtle changes in a person's appearance to create a secure-yet-practical way to unlock a phone a dozen or more times a day.
Apple’s new technology does sound promising. The company says FaceID creates a“precise depth map” of one’s visage by projecting more than 30,000 infrared dots against a person’s face, then using the phone’s infrared TrueDepth camera and high-power microchip to collect and analyze the results. Users are also asked to turn their head as they scan so the phone's machine-learning algorithm can measure the face from several angles and create a more detailed 3-D map of their features. Once the map is created and stored, the iPhone X uses infrared light to help FaceID scan a person’s face even in the dark. Meanwhile, machine-learning algorithms running on the phone keep track of changes in a person's appearance—including glasses, facial hair and hats—so the smartphone’s accuracy improves over time.
Despite advances in facial recognition in recent years—law enforcement agencies including the FBI use it to check suspects against data bases of mug shots—it remains unclear whether FaceID will work in a variety of conditions while also keeping the iPhone X secure. Hackers, for example, quickly found a way to bypass the Samsung Galaxy S8's facial-recognition scanner when it was introduced in March: They tricked the device by simply showing it a photo of the user. FaceID’s use of 3-D facial maps could address that problem. But historically it has been a big challenge for such a system to recognize faces under different lighting conditions and from a variety of angles
“Like all biometrics, FaceID will have a problem with revocation,”says Vitaly Shmatikov, a computer science professor at Cornell Tech. “If a password is compromised, it can be changed—but a face cannot be changed.” Apple touts its ability to secure data on its iPhones, which do not share biometric information with the company’s servers. Still, Ross says, hackers always seem to find a way around even the tightest security.
1. What is the computer-vision researche’s main concern of iPhone X’ s FaceID?
A. They have concerns of the security and convence of FaceID
B. They don’ t believe iPhone X’ s FaceID can successfully unlock a phone every time
C. They have doubts of its technique to overcome variable lighting and subtle change of the user s face
D. They are mainly worried about the smartphone’ a accuracy
【答案】C。细节题。根据文段关键词定位“a number of computer-vision researchers say they are skeptical that a smartphone-based system like FaceID can account for things like variable lighting conditions or subtle changes in a person's appearance”。可以知道因此答案选C项。A项仅仅说道他们是关心人脸识别技术的安全，但文段中还有这些的怀疑并未提及，因此排除。B项他们不相信每次都可以成功解锁，但是文段说一些细微的变换可能就会导致一天之内解锁的实现。D项他们主要担心智能手机的精准，也不符合文意。因此答案选C项。
2. What does Arun Ross mean by “relatively controlled condition”?
A. To start an explanation of FaceID s using condition
B. To mention that APPle Inc shows their new product under a well desigened environment
C. To imply that FaceID its limits
D. To add a context esplanation of the interesting demo
【答案】C。细节题。根据文段关键词定位到末尾最后一句，这里他表达的意思就是即使再好的技术作为手机安全的保障，但是黑客依然是可以想尽办法去破解。也就是说只能面部识别技术也是有其限制的。A项对面部识别的使用状态进行解释。B项提到的就是苹果公司在良好的设计基础上展示了自己公司的新产品。D项指的是对苹果的演示样例进行说明，不符文段之意。因此答案选C项。
3. Why does the author mention Vitaly Shmatikov saying a face cannot be changed?
A. To infer that a person s face is highly unlikely to change to another shape
B. To illustrate that the image stored in the phone cannot be changed if FaceID is compromised
C. To explain the revocation difficulty of FaceID
D. To enhance the data security on iPhone since it do not share biometric information with servers
【答案】D。细节题。根据文段关键词定位到末尾“If a password is compromised, it can be changed—but a face cannot be changed”， D项就是在这里引用他的话为了强调数据的安全性的原因就是不会将面部识别的数据给供应商提供，故D项符合文意。A项指的就是Vitaly认为密码会泄露，但是人脸是很难改变的，不符合文段表达的意思。B项指的是说明在电脑中储存的人脸的图像即使人脸识别被泄密也不会改变，与文段不符。C项解释人脸识别撤销是很难的，不符文意。因此答案选D项。
4. What is the author s attitude toward Apple s touch ID technology on iPhone X?
A Promising
B Skeptical
C Supportive
D Neutral
【答案】D。态度题。根据文段的整体来看，作者提到很多人对待这个人脸识别技术的态度和观点，同时也说道这个技术中也有人们存在一定的质疑。所以作者的态度就是对这个技术就事论事，客观陈述罢了。因此答案选D项。
5. Which one of the following statements about iPhone X’s FaceID is false according to this article?
A It is a whole new technique Apple Inc applied on iPhone X.
B It has started a revolution in computer-vision industry.
C It has a problem of revocation.
D It has embedded security mechanisms to secure the data on the phone.
【答案】A。是非题。A项其实此前三星公司就尝试了这种人脸识别技术，而且此前在破案当中这种技术也用过。因此A选错误。从文段的第一段，我们知道在这个阶段有一部分人是持有点怀疑的态度，但这个技术开始带来的就是变革，B项符合“Apple’s new technology does sound promising. The company says FaceID creates a“precise depth map”文段第二段，我们可以得知C项是符合文意的。而且也可以知道苹果公司是采用的嵌入技术来保证数据的安全。因此D项正确。因此选择不正确的就是A项。
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