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2020年银行秋招每日一练(6.14)
Passage 3
It is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the 10th and 11th centuries. As a wife, the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry (嫁妆). Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion, but in reality its function in the social and family life of the time was much more important. The dowry was the wife’s right to receive a tenth of all her husband’s property. The wife had the right to withhold consent, in all transactions the husband would make, and more than just a right; the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision, equal to that of her husband. In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife.
The wife shared in the management of her husband’s personal property, but the opposite was not always true. Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried to exceed their rights, and on occasion they showed a fine fighting spirit. A case in point is that of Maria Vivas. Having agreed with her husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited, for the needs of the household, she insisted on compensation. None being offered, she succeeded in dragging her husband to the scribe to have a contract duly drawn up assigning her a piece of land from Miro’s personal inheritance. The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree, as the contract says, “for the sake of peace.” Either through the dowry or through being hot-tempered, the wife knew how to win herself, with the context of the family, a powerful economic position.
1.Originally, the purpose of a dowry is to( )
A. give a woman the right to receive all her husband’s property
B. help a woman to enjoy a higher position in the family
C. protect a woman against the risk of desertion
D. both A and C
【答案】C。推断题。本文介绍了欧洲南部10和11世纪嫁妆对女性在婚姻中地位的重要性。虽然嫁妆最初的目的是防止女性被抛弃，但实际上它的作用远远不止于此。它使妻子在婚姻中的地位与丈夫平等，并保障了妻子的经济利益。女性在维护自己的利益上，是很坚定果敢的，Maria Vivas就是一个例子。见第一段第三句，“Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion.。.”，虽然在实际生活中嫁妆有更重要的作用，但最初它的作用只是为了防范女性被丈夫抛弃，所以C为正确答案。
2.According to the passage, the legal status of the wife in marriage was( )
A. higher than that of a single woman
B. higher than that of her husband
C. lower than that of her husband
D. the same as that of her husband
【答案】D。细节题。根据本文，妻子在婚姻中的法律地位和丈夫是平等的。见第一段最后一句，“In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife”文件中并没有表明丈夫和妻子在法律地位上有任何的差别，也就是说他们的地位是平等的，所以D为正确答案。
3. The author’s attitude towards Maria Vivas is( )
A. Sympathetic
B. disapproval
C. indifferent
D. objective
【答案】D。 推断题。作者对Maria Vivas所持的态度是客观的。作者客观地介绍了Maria Vivas的事例，并没有表示出同情、不满或者是漠不关心，所以A、B、C都是错误答案。因此答案D正确。
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